Chapter 11-Properties Of The Hair & Scalp-Milady (2024)

Table of Contents

The scientific study of hair, its diseases, and care is called: The 2 parts of a mature strand of human hair are the: The tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root is the: Hair follicles are not found on the: The __ is the tiny, involuntary muscle in the base of the hair follicle. An oily substance secreted from the sebaceous glands is: For chemicals to penetrate a healthy cuticle hair layer, they must have: The medulla is composed of__ cells. The process whereby living cells mature and begin their journey up the hair shaft is: The 5 main elements that make up the chemical composition of human hair are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and The chemical bonds that hold together the amino acid molecules are called: Which type of melanin provides natural colors ranging from red & ginger to yellow & blond tones? Asians tend to have: To help minimize tangles in extremely curly hair when washing, you should use: Hair texture is classified as: The measurement of indiviidual hair strands on 1 square inch of the scalp is: Compared to hair with high porosity, chemical services performed on hair with low porosity require: Wet hair with normal elasticity will stretch up to __ of its original length. Oily scalp and hair can be treated by properly washing it: Which type of hair almost never has a medulla? The growth phase during which new hair is produced is: The average growth of healthy scalp hair is: The technical term used to describe gray hair is: A condition of abnormal hair growth on area of the body is: The medical term for dandruff is: The body can produce 11 of the 20__ that make up hair. Salt bonds account for about __ of the hair's overall strength. The anagen phase generally lasts from 3-5: Scalp hair grows __ on women than on men. The __ phase signals the end of the growth phase. Scalp massages___ hair growth. Compared to pigmented hair, gray hair is: Cross-sections of hair: Bald men are commonly perceived as: By age 35, almost __ percent of both men & women show some degree of hair loss. Finasteride is an oral prescription medication for hair loss that is meant for: Congenital canities manifests: Dandruff can easily be mistaken for: Dandruff is believed to be caused by a: The most frequently encountered fungal infection resulting from hair services is: Tinea is characterized by: The infestation of the hair & scalp with head lice is called: A carbuncle is similar to furuncle, but is: Fine hair is___ than coarse or medium hair. Coarse hair: The __ is the outermost layer of hair. The oil glands in the skin that are connected to the hair follicles are the __ glands A___ bond is a physical bond easily broken by water or heat. Hair is approximately ___ percent protein Total scalp hair loss is known as: FAQs References

1.
The scientific study of hair, its diseases, and care is called:
- A.
  Dermatology
- B.
  Trichochology
- C.
  Biology
- D.
  Cosmetology
Correct Answer
B. Trichochology
Explanation
Trichology is the scientific study of hair, its diseases, and care. It focuses specifically on understanding the structure, function, and growth of hair, as well as diagnosing and treating hair and scalp conditions. Dermatology is the branch of medicine that deals with the skin, including hair and scalp, but it encompasses a wider scope of skin-related issues. Biology is the study of living organisms in general, and cosmetology is the study and application of beauty treatments, including hair care, but it does not focus solely on the scientific study of hair.
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2.
The 2 parts of a mature strand of human hair are the:
- A.
  Dermis & epidermis
- B.
  Hair shaft & follicle
- C.
  Hair shaft & root
- D.
  Hair root & follicle
Correct Answer
C. Hair shaft & root
Explanation
The hair shaft is the visible part of the hair that extends above the skin's surface.
The hair root is the part of the hair that lies beneath the surface of the skin and is embedded within the hair follicle.
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3.
The tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root is the:
- A.
  Follicle
- B.
  Shaft
- C.
  Bulb
- D.
  Scalp
Correct Answer
A. Follicle
Explanation
The correct answer is follicle. The follicle is a tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root. It provides nourishment to the hair and is responsible for its growth. The follicle also plays a role in determining the texture and thickness of the hair.
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4.
Hair follicles are not found on the:
- A.
  Forehead area
- B.
  Back of the hands
- C.
  Soles of the feet
- D.
  Back of the neck
Correct Answer
C. Soles of the feet
Explanation
The soles of the feet do not have hair follicles. Hair follicles are found on various parts of the body, including the forehead, back of the hands, and back of the neck. However, the soles of the feet are an exception to this, as they are covered with thick skin that does not contain hair follicles.
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5.
The __ is the tiny, involuntary muscle in the base of the hair follicle.
- A.
  Medulla
- B.
  Arrector pilli
- C.
  Tinea
- D.
  Dermal papilla
Correct Answer
B. Arrector pilli
Explanation
The arrector pili is the tiny, involuntary muscle in the base of the hair follicle. When this muscle contracts, it causes the hair to stand up, creating "goosebumps" on the skin. This muscle is responsible for controlling the position of the hair and is particularly active during times of fear or cold temperatures.
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6.
An oily substance secreted from the sebaceous glands is:
- A.
  Sweat
- B.
  LympH
- C.
  Catagen
- D.
  Sebum
Correct Answer
D. Sebum
Explanation
Sebum is an oily substance that is secreted from the sebaceous glands. These glands are located in the skin and their primary function is to produce sebum, which helps to moisturize and protect the skin and hair. Sebum also plays a role in waterproofing the skin and preventing it from drying out. It is different from sweat, lymph, and catagen, which are not oily substances secreted from the sebaceous glands.
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7.
For chemicals to penetrate a healthy cuticle hair layer, they must have:
- A.
  No pH
- B.
  A neutral pH
- C.
  An alkaline pH
- D.
  An acidic pH
Correct Answer
C. An alkaline pH
Explanation
Chemicals with an alkaline pH are able to penetrate a healthy cuticle hair layer. The cuticle is the outermost layer of the hair shaft and acts as a protective barrier. An alkaline pH helps to open up the cuticle scales, allowing the chemicals to enter the hair shaft and affect its structure. This is why alkaline substances like hair dyes or relaxers are used to change the color or texture of the hair.
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8.
The medulla is composed of__ cells.
- A.
  Rod-shaped
- B.
  Round
- C.
  Spiral-shaped
- D.
  Rectangular
Correct Answer
B. Round
Explanation
The medulla is composed of round cells.
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9.
The process whereby living cells mature and begin their journey up the hair shaft is:
- A.
  Anagen
- B.
  Catagen
- C.
  Keratinzation
- D.
  Osmosis
Correct Answer
C. Keratinzation
Explanation
Keratinization is the correct answer because it is the process by which living cells in the hair follicle mature and begin their journey up the hair shaft. During keratinization, the cells in the hair follicle undergo a series of changes, including the production of keratin, a protein that makes up the hair shaft. As the cells mature, they move upwards towards the surface of the skin, eventually forming the hair strand. This process is essential for the growth and maintenance of hair.
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10.
The 5 main elements that make up the chemical composition of human hair are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and
- A.
  Lead & zinc
- B.
  Keratin & selenium
- C.
  Boron & calcium
- D.
  Nitrogen & sulfur
Correct Answer
D. Nitrogen & sulfur
Explanation
Human hair is primarily composed of keratin, a protein made up of amino acids. Nitrogen is a key component of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Sulfur is also present in hair, as it forms disulfide bonds that contribute to the strength and structure of the hair strand. Therefore, the correct answer is nitrogen & sulfur.
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11.
The chemical bonds that hold together the amino acid molecules are called:
- A.
  Convex bonds
- B.
  Peptide bonds
- C.
  Helium bonds
- D.
  Protein bonds
Correct Answer
B. Peptide bonds
Explanation
Peptide bonds are the correct answer because they are the chemical bonds that hold together amino acid molecules in a protein chain. These bonds form between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid, resulting in the formation of a peptide bond. Peptide bonds are essential for the structure and function of proteins, as they create the backbone of the protein chain and determine its overall shape and stability. Convex bonds, helium bonds, and protein bonds are not accurate terms to describe the bonds between amino acids.
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12.
Which type of melanin provides natural colors ranging from red & ginger to yellow & blond tones?
- A.
  pHeomelanin
- B.
  Eumelanin
- C.
  Polymelanin
- D.
  Biomelanin
Correct Answer
A. pHeomelanin
Explanation
Pheomelanin is the type of melanin that provides natural colors ranging from red and ginger to yellow and blond tones. It is responsible for producing lighter hair and skin colors, as well as freckles. Eumelanin, on the other hand, is responsible for darker hair and skin colors. Polymelanin and biomelanin are not types of melanin and do not play a role in determining hair and skin color.
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13.
Asians tend to have:
- A.
  Extremely straight hair
- B.
  Extremely curly hair
- C.
  Straight to wavy hair
  See Also
  milady's standard esthetics review ch 11 Flashcards
- D.
  Wavy to curly hair
Correct Answer
A. Extremely straight hair
Explanation
Asians tend to have extremely straight hair because of their genetic makeup. The shape of the hair follicles and the amount of a protein called keratin in the hair shaft contribute to this characteristic. The straightness of Asian hair is often attributed to the round shape of the hair follicles, which allows the hair to grow straight out of the scalp. Additionally, the low levels of a specific type of keratin protein called trichohyalin in Asian hair also contribute to its straight texture.
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14.
To help minimize tangles in extremely curly hair when washing, you should use:
- A.
  A drying shampoo
- B.
  Strong scalp manipulations
- C.
  A detangling rinse
- D.
  Soap instead of shampoo
Correct Answer
C. A detangling rinse
Explanation
A detangling rinse is the most suitable option for minimizing tangles in extremely curly hair when washing. Curly hair tends to get easily tangled, and using a detangling rinse helps to smooth out the hair strands and make them easier to comb through. A detangling rinse typically contains ingredients that help to soften and moisturize the hair, making it more manageable and reducing the risk of tangles. This option is more effective than a drying shampoo, strong scalp manipulations, or using soap instead of shampoo, as these alternatives may not provide the necessary conditioning and detangling properties.
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15.
Hair texture is classified as:
- A.
  Wavy, straight, or curly
- B.
  Coarse, medium, or fine
- C.
  Light, medium, or dark
- D.
  Long, medium, or short
Correct Answer
B. Coarse, medium, or fine
Explanation
Hair texture refers to the thickness or diameter of individual hair strands. Coarse hair has a larger diameter and feels thicker, while fine hair has a smaller diameter and feels thinner. Medium hair falls in between. This classification helps in understanding and categorizing different hair types, which can inform styling and product choices.
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16.
The measurement of indiviidual hair strands on 1 square inch of the scalp is:
- A.
  Hair density
- B.
  Hair elasticity
- C.
  Hair texture
- D.
  Hair porosity
Correct Answer
A. Hair density
Explanation
Hair density refers to the number of individual hair strands present on a specific area of the scalp. It is measured by counting the number of hair strands in a given square inch of the scalp. This measurement helps determine the thickness or thinness of the hair and can be classified as low, medium, or high density.
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17.
Compared to hair with high porosity, chemical services performed on hair with low porosity require:
- A.
  Neutral soloutions
- B.
  More acidic solutions
- C.
  Solutions of the same pH
- D.
  More alkaline solutions
Correct Answer
D. More alkaline solutions
Explanation
Hair with low porosity has a tightly compacted cuticle layer, making it difficult for chemicals to penetrate. To overcome this, more alkaline solutions are required as they help to open up the cuticle and allow the chemicals to penetrate the hair shaft. Acidic solutions would not be effective in this case as they would further close the cuticle and prevent the chemicals from entering the hair. Neutral solutions or solutions of the same pH would also not be effective as they would not provide the necessary alkalinity to open up the cuticle.
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18.
Wet hair with normal elasticity will stretch up to __ of its original length.
- A.
  25%
- B.
  40%
- C.
  50%
- D.
  70%
Correct Answer
C. 50%
Explanation
Wet hair with normal elasticity will stretch up to 50% of its original length. When hair is wet, it becomes more flexible and can stretch without breaking. Normal elasticity means that the hair has a healthy level of moisture and protein, allowing it to stretch and return to its original length without any damage. A stretch of 50% indicates that the hair can stretch to half of its original length before reaching its maximum elasticity.
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19.
Oily scalp and hair can be treated by properly washing it:
- A.
  Without shampoo
- B.
  With normalizing shampoo
- C.
  With conditioning shampoo
- D.
  With dry shampoo
Correct Answer
B. With normalizing shampoo
Explanation
Normalizing shampoo is specifically designed to control and balance excess oil production on the scalp. It helps to remove excess oil, dirt, and impurities from the hair and scalp, leaving it clean and refreshed. Using a normalizing shampoo regularly can help regulate the oil production on the scalp, reducing the greasiness and improving the overall health of the hair and scalp.
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20.
Which type of hair almost never has a medulla?
- A.
  Oily
- B.
  Pigmented
- C.
  Dark
- D.
  Vellus
Correct Answer
D. Vellus
Explanation
Vellus hair is a type of hair that is short, thin, and often colorless. It is commonly found on areas of the body that are not covered by terminal hair, such as the face, back, and arms. Unlike terminal hair, vellus hair does not have a medulla, which is the innermost layer of the hair shaft. This is because vellus hair is much finer and less developed compared to terminal hair, which is thicker and longer. Therefore, vellus hair almost never has a medulla.
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21.
The growth phase during which new hair is produced is:
- A.
  Patagen
- B.
  Telogen
- C.
  Anagen
- D.
  Catogen
Correct Answer
C. Anagen
Explanation
During the anagen phase, new hair is produced. This is the active growth phase of the hair follicle, where cells in the root of the hair divide rapidly, leading to the production of new hair cells. The hair shaft grows longer during this phase, and it can last for several years. After the anagen phase, the hair follicle enters the catagen phase, followed by the telogen phase, where the hair stops growing and eventually falls out. Therefore, anagen is the correct answer as it specifically refers to the phase of new hair production.
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22.
The average growth of healthy scalp hair is:
- A.
  1/2 inch per week
- B.
  1 inch per week
- C.
  1/2 inch per month
- D.
  1 inch per month
Correct Answer
C. 1/2 inch per month
Explanation
The average growth of healthy scalp hair is commonly accepted to be about 1/2 inch per month. This means that, on average, a person's hair will grow half an inch in length every month.
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23.
The technical term used to describe gray hair is:
- A.
  Canities
- B.
  Tinea
- C.
  Alopecia
- D.
  Albino
Correct Answer
A. Canities
Explanation
Canities is the correct technical term used to describe gray hair. This term refers to the natural graying of hair due to the loss of pigment. It is a result of the reduction in melanin production, which gives hair its color. Canities is a common occurrence as people age, and it can be influenced by factors such as genetics and lifestyle. Tinea refers to a fungal infection of the skin, alopecia refers to hair loss, and albino refers to a person or animal with a congenital absence of pigment.
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24.
A condition of abnormal hair growth on area of the body is:
- A.
  Trichorrhexis
- B.
  Ringed hair
- C.
  Hypertrichosis
- D.
  Electrolysis
Correct Answer
C. Hypertrichosis
Explanation
Hypertrichosis is a condition characterized by abnormal hair growth on certain areas of the body. It can manifest as excessive hair growth on the face, arms, back, or other parts of the body. This condition can be either congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life. Hypertrichosis can be caused by various factors such as genetics, hormonal imbalances, medications, or underlying medical conditions. Treatment options for hypertrichosis include hair removal methods like shaving, waxing, or laser therapy, as well as addressing any underlying causes if possible.
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25.
The medical term for dandruff is:
- A.
  Canitites
- B.
  Pityriasis
- C.
  Alopecia
- D.
  Simplex
Correct Answer
B. Pityriasis
Explanation
Pityriasis is the correct medical term for dandruff. Pityriasis refers to a common scalp condition characterized by the excessive shedding of dead skin cells from the scalp, leading to the appearance of white flakes. It is often accompanied by itchiness and can be caused by various factors such as dry skin, fungal infections, or dermatitis. While "canitites," "alopecia," and "simplex" are all medical terms related to hair loss or other skin conditions, they do not specifically refer to dandruff.
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26.
The body can produce 11 of the 20__ that make up hair.
- A.
  Amino acids
- B.
  COHNS elements
- C.
  Disulfide bonds
- D.
  Polypeptide chains
Correct Answer
A. Amino acids
Explanation
The body can produce amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Hair is primarily made up of a protein called keratin, and amino acids are essential for the production of keratin. Therefore, the body's ability to produce amino acids is crucial for the formation of hair.
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27.
Salt bonds account for about __ of the hair's overall strength.
- A.
  One-quarter
- B.
  One-half
- C.
  One-third
- D.
  Two-thirds
Correct Answer
C. One-third
Explanation
Salt bonds account for about one-third of the hair's overall strength. This means that these bonds contribute significantly to the hair's ability to maintain its structure and resist breakage. While other factors such as disulfide bonds also play a role in hair strength, salt bonds make up a significant portion of it. Understanding the importance of salt bonds can help in the care and treatment of hair to maintain its strength and prevent damage.
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28.
The anagen phase generally lasts from 3-5:
- A.
  Days
- B.
  Weeks
- C.
  Months
- D.
  Years
Correct Answer
D. Years
Explanation
The anagen phase refers to the active growth phase of hair follicles. During this phase, the hair grows continuously for a certain period of time before entering a resting phase. The anagen phase can last from a few years, during which the hair can grow quite long, before it eventually transitions into the catagen phase. Therefore, the correct answer is "years".
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29.
Scalp hair grows __ on women than on men.
- A.
  Slower
- B.
  Faster
- C.
  Thinner
- D.
  Thicker
Correct Answer
B. Faster
Explanation
Women's scalp hair generally grows faster than men's hair. This can be attributed to hormonal differences between men and women. Women tend to have higher levels of estrogen, which promotes hair growth, while men have higher levels of testosterone, which can slow down hair growth. Additionally, genetic factors and individual variations can also play a role in the rate of hair growth.
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30.
The __ phase signals the end of the growth phase.
- A.
  Cysteine
- B.
  Cystine
- C.
  Anagen
- D.
  Catagen
Correct Answer
D. Catagen
Explanation
The catagen phase signals the end of the growth phase. This phase is a transitional phase between the anagen (growth) phase and the telogen (resting) phase of the hair growth cycle. During the catagen phase, the hair follicle shrinks and detaches from the dermal papilla, which results in the cessation of hair growth. It is a short phase that lasts for about 2-3 weeks before entering the telogen phase. Cysteine and cystine are amino acids that are not related to the hair growth cycle.
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31.
Scalp massages___ hair growth.
- A.
  Increases
- B.
  Decreases
- C.
  Does not affect
- D.
  Is necessary for
Correct Answer
C. Does not affect
Explanation
Scalp massages do not affect hair growth. While scalp massages can promote relaxation and improve blood circulation in the scalp, there is no scientific evidence to suggest that they directly stimulate hair growth. Hair growth is primarily influenced by factors such as genetics, hormones, and overall health. Therefore, although scalp massages may have other benefits, they do not have a direct impact on hair growth.
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32.
Compared to pigmented hair, gray hair is:
- A.
  Neither coarser, nor more resistant
- B.
  Both coarser and more resistant
- C.
  Coarser
- D.
  More resistant
Correct Answer
A. Neither coarser, nor more resistant
Explanation
Gray hair is neither coarser nor more resistant compared to pigmented hair. This means that gray hair does not have a different texture or strength than pigmented hair.
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33.
Cross-sections of hair:
- A.
  Are always round
- B.
  Are always oval
- C.
  Are always flattened oval
- D.
  Can be almost any shape
Correct Answer
B. Are always oval
Explanation
The correct answer is that cross-sections of hair are always oval. This means that when you cut a strand of hair and look at the cross-section, it will have an oval shape. This is because the structure of hair is made up of different layers, including the medulla, cortex, and cuticle. The shape of these layers determines the overall shape of the hair strand, and in most cases, it is oval. However, it is important to note that there can be variations in the shape of hair cross-sections, but oval is the most common shape.
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34.
Bald men are commonly perceived as:
- A.
  More assertive
- B.
  Younger
- C.
  More pHysically attractive
- D.
  Less successful
Correct Answer
D. Less successful
Explanation
Bald men are commonly perceived as less successful because society often associates a full head of hair with youth and vitality. This stereotype can lead to the assumption that baldness is a sign of aging or potential health issues, which may be seen as barriers to success. Additionally, cultural ideals of attractiveness often prioritize a full head of hair, so those who are bald may be perceived as less physically attractive. However, it is important to note that these perceptions are subjective and can vary from person to person.
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35.
By age 35, almost __ percent of both men & women show some degree of hair loss.
- A.
  20
- B.
  30
- C.
  40
- D.
  50
Correct Answer
C. 40
Explanation
By age 35, almost 40 percent of both men and women show some degree of hair loss. This means that a significant number of individuals experience hair loss by this age. Hair loss is a common issue that can affect both genders, and the fact that 40 percent of people are affected by age 35 highlights its prevalence.
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36.
Finasteride is an oral prescription medication for hair loss that is meant for:
- A.
  Men only
- B.
  Women only
- C.
  Men & women
- D.
  Animals
Correct Answer
A. Men only
Explanation
Finasteride is a medication specifically designed to treat hair loss in men. It works by inhibiting the production of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a hormone that contributes to hair loss in men. Since women do not typically experience the same pattern of hair loss caused by DHT, finasteride is not recommended for them. Therefore, the correct answer is "men only."
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37.
Congenital canities manifests:
- A.
  At or before birth
- B.
  During adolescence
- C.
  During middle age
- D.
  In the later years of life
Correct Answer
A. At or before birth
Explanation
Congenital canities refers to the condition of having gray or white hair from birth or early childhood. This means that the manifestation of congenital canities occurs at or before birth, as stated in the answer. It is not a condition that develops during adolescence, middle age, or in the later years of life. Therefore, the correct answer is that congenital canities manifests at or before birth.
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38.
Dandruff can easily be mistaken for:
- A.
  Tinea
- B.
  Dry scalp
- C.
  Pediculosis capitis
- D.
  Trichoptilosis
Correct Answer
B. Dry scalp
Explanation
Dandruff can easily be mistaken for dry scalp because both conditions can cause flaking and itching of the scalp. However, there are some differences between the two. Dandruff is caused by an overgrowth of yeast on the scalp, while dry scalp is caused by a lack of moisture. Dandruff flakes are usually larger and oilier, while dry scalp flakes are smaller and drier. Additionally, dandruff is often accompanied by redness and irritation, while dry scalp may just have flaking without any other symptoms. Therefore, it is important to differentiate between the two in order to provide appropriate treatment.
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39.
Dandruff is believed to be caused by a:
- A.
  Bacterium
- B.
  Virus
- C.
  Parasite
- D.
  Fungus
Correct Answer
D. Fungus
Explanation
Dandruff is caused by a fungus. Fungal infections on the scalp can lead to the shedding of dead skin cells, which appear as white flakes known as dandruff. This fungus, called Malassezia, is naturally present on the scalp of most individuals, but in some cases, it can overgrow and cause dandruff. Anti-dandruff shampoos and treatments often contain antifungal agents to target and control the growth of this fungus, providing relief from dandruff symptoms.
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40.
The most frequently encountered fungal infection resulting from hair services is:
- A.
  Tinea barbae
- B.
  Tinea capitis
- C.
  Tinea pedis
- D.
  Tinea favosa
Correct Answer
A. Tinea barbae
Explanation
Tinea barbae is the most frequently encountered fungal infection resulting from hair services. It is a fungal infection that affects the hair follicles and is commonly found in the beard area. It is caused by dermatophytes, which are a type of fungus. Tinea barbae can cause redness, itching, and the formation of pustules or nodules in the affected area. It is important for hair service providers to maintain proper hygiene and sanitation practices to prevent the spread of tinea barbae and other fungal infections.
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41.
Tinea is characterized by:
- A.
  Numbness
- B.
  Blisters
- C.
  Sudden hair loss
- D.
  Itching
Correct Answer
D. Itching
Explanation
Tinea is a fungal infection of the skin, also known as ringworm. It is characterized by itching, which is the most common symptom of this condition. Numbness and blisters are not typically associated with tinea. Sudden hair loss can occur if tinea affects the scalp, but it is not a defining characteristic of the infection. Therefore, the correct answer is itching.
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42.
The infestation of the hair & scalp with head lice is called:
- A.
  Hypertrichosis
- B.
  Trihoptilosis
- C.
  Pediculosis capitis
- D.
  Fraglitas crinium
Correct Answer
C. Pediculosis capitis
Explanation
Pediculosis capitis is the correct answer because it refers to the infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice. Hypertrichosis refers to excessive hair growth, trihoptilosis is the splitting of hair ends, and fraglitas crinium is the condition of easily broken hair.
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43.
A carbuncle is similar to furuncle, but is:
- A.
  Smaller
- B.
  Larger
- C.
  Much darker in color
- D.
  Much lighter in color
Correct Answer
B. Larger
Explanation
A carbuncle is a type of skin infection that is characterized by a cluster of boils. It is larger in size compared to a furuncle, which is a single boil. Carbuncles can range in size from a few centimeters to several inches in diameter. They are often red, swollen, and painful.
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44.
Fine hair is___ than coarse or medium hair.
- A.
  Thicker
- B.
  Harder to process
- C.
  Less sesceptible to damage from chemical services
- D.
  More fragile
Correct Answer
D. More fragile
Explanation
Fine hair is more fragile than coarse or medium hair. This means that it is more prone to breakage and damage compared to other types of hair. Fine hair is thinner and has a smaller diameter, making it weaker and more delicate. It requires extra care and gentle handling to prevent further damage.
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45.
Coarse hair:
- A.
  Has the smallest diameter of the 3 types of hair texture
- B.
  Is the most common hair texture
- C.
  Is not resistant to chemical services
- D.
  Is stronger than fine hair
Correct Answer
D. Is stronger than fine hair
Explanation
Coarse hair is stronger than fine hair because it has a larger diameter and is more resistant to breakage. The larger diameter allows for more protein and moisture to be retained in the hair shaft, making it less prone to damage. Fine hair, on the other hand, has a smaller diameter and is more delicate, making it more susceptible to breakage. Therefore, coarse hair is generally considered to be stronger than fine hair.
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20
46.
The __ is the outermost layer of hair.
- A.
  Hair cuticle
- B.
  Hair bulb
- C.
  Hair follicle
- D.
  Hair root
Correct Answer
A. Hair cuticle
Explanation
The hair cuticle is the outermost layer of the hair. It is a protective layer that covers the hair shaft and consists of overlapping cells that resemble scales. The cuticle plays a crucial role in protecting the inner layers of the hair from damage, such as heat, chemicals, and environmental factors. It also helps to retain moisture and maintain the overall health and appearance of the hair.
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10
47.
The oil glands in the skin that are connected to the hair follicles are the __ glands
- A.
  Systine
- B.
  Simplex
- C.
  Sebaceous
- D.
  Scutulua
Correct Answer
C. Sebaceous
Explanation
The oil glands in the skin that are connected to the hair follicles are called sebaceous glands. These glands secrete sebum, an oily substance that helps lubricate and protect the skin and hair. Sebaceous glands are found all over the body, except for the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. They play an important role in maintaining the health and hydration of the skin and hair.
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48.
A___ bond is a physical bond easily broken by water or heat.
- A.
  Hydrogen
- B.
  HydropHillic
- C.
  HydropHobic
- D.
  Helix
Correct Answer
A. Hydrogen
Explanation
A hydrogen bond is a physical bond easily broken by water or heat because hydrogen bonds are relatively weak compared to other types of chemical bonds. They occur when a hydrogen atom is attracted to a highly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen. These bonds are important for many biological processes, such as the folding of proteins and the structure of DNA. Water and heat can disrupt the hydrogen bonds by providing energy to overcome the attractive forces between the hydrogen and electronegative atoms, causing the bond to break.
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49.
Hair is approximately ___ percent protein
- A.
  60
- B.
  70
- C.
  80
- D.
  90
Correct Answer
D. 90
Explanation
Hair is primarily composed of a protein called keratin, which makes up about 90% of its structure. Keratin is a fibrous protein that provides strength and elasticity to the hair shaft. It forms a protective layer around the hair, preventing damage and breakage. Therefore, it can be concluded that hair is approximately 90% protein.
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10
50.
Total scalp hair loss is known as:
- A.
  Alopecia areata
- B.
  Androgentic alopecia
- C.
  Alopecia totalis
- D.
  Alopecia unicersalis
Correct Answer
C. Alopecia totalis
Explanation
Alopecia totalis refers to the complete loss of scalp hair. This condition is characterized by the absence of hair on the entire scalp, leading to a completely bald head. It is a more severe form of alopecia areata, which is a condition that causes patchy hair loss. Androgenetic alopecia, on the other hand, is a common form of hair loss that is caused by genetic and hormonal factors. Alopecia universalis is a rare condition that results in the loss of all hair on the body, including the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes.
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10

Chapter 11-Properties Of The Hair & Scalp-Milady (2024)

FAQs

What is the final stage of hair growth Chapter 11 hair removal? ›

the telogen phase is the final, or resting, stage of hair growth. How does thermolysis destroy hair follicles?

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What describes the arrector pili muscle milady chapter 11? ›

The arrector pili muscle is the small, involuntary muscle in the base of the hair follicle. Sebaceous glands are the oil glands in the skin that are connected to the hair follicles.

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What are the properties of the scalp? ›

The human scalp can be described as a tight, typical hair-bearing soft tissue that covers the underlying skull and consists of five layers (skin, dense connective tissue, aponeurosis, loose connective tissue and pericranium).

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What are three ways studying hair and scalp properties benefits you as a cosmetologist? ›

Studying the properties of hair and scalp is important for cosmetologists to diagnose and address hair and scalp conditions, select appropriate styling techniques, and provide personalized care to clients.

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What are all the stages of hair growth? ›

Hair growth occurs in a continuous process characterized by four phases: anagen, growth; catagen, regression; telogen, rest; and exogen, shedding.

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What is the final stage of hair growth called? ›

The exogen phase is the final phase of the hair growth cycle, however it's more of an extension of (or a part of) the telogen phase. This is the phase where hair strands are released from the hair follicles (also known as hair shedding).

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What are the 4 properties of hair? ›

These properties include elasticity, stiffness, cross-sectional area, shape, density and static charge. The way our hair looks from day-to-day is dependent on these qualities, as well as hair's ability to resist water and stretching.

What are three physical properties of hair? ›

Cortex keratin is respon- sible for this propriety and its long chains are compressed to form a regular structure which, besides being strong, is flexible (Dias, 2004; Robbins, 1994). The physical pro- prieties of hair involve: resistance to stretching, elasticity and hydrophilic power.

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What are the 5 parts of the scalp? ›

There are five layers to the scalp: the skin, connective tissue layer, galea aponeurotica, loose areolar connective tissue, and the pericranium.

Read On ›

What is the study of hair and scalp? ›

Trichology is the study of the hair and scalp. The term derives from Ancient Greek θρίξ (thríx), "hair" and -λογία -logia. In most jurisdictions the title of a trichologist, not the field of trichology, is considered a para-medical discipline.

What are the benefits of scalp and hair treatment? ›

Scalp treatments can also help to improve the overall health of the hair by providing essential nutrients, vitamins and minerals that are vital for healthy hair growth. They can also help in preventing hair loss, promoting hair growth, and maintaining the hair's natural shine, volume, and texture.

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What is the last step in the hair removal process? ›

Step #6: Repair

In this final step of the hair removal process, your waxing professional will review any post-care instructions and recommend products to promote quick skin recovery.

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What is the final stage of hair growth quizlet? ›

The telogen phase is the final, or resting, stage of hair growth.

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What is the last stage of hair loss? ›

Stage 7: The most advanced androgenetic alopecia

This is the most advanced stage of male pattern baldness. The top of the head is completely bald, but some hair is still thinner and of varying density at the back and on the sides.

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What is the final resting stage of hair? ›

The third stage of your natural hair growth cycle is the Telogen Phase, a resting period when strands remain in their follicles but are not actively growing. An estimate of 10-15% of your hairs are in the Telogen Phase at any given moment. How long does the Telogen Stage last? Approximately 3 months or 100 days.

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