What are hammertoes?
Hammertoes are changes in your toe joints that make them point up instead of lying flat. They’re one of the most common foot issues.
Having hammertoes makes your affected toes look like they’re bent all the time. Specifically, a hammertoe happens when the tip of your toe points down and the middle curls up. Hammertoes usually develop in the second joint of your lesser toes (not your big toe).
A mild hammertoe may not affect your ability to walk or use your foot, but if it’s not treated, it can get bad enough to freeze your toe in its curled shape. Severe cases can make your toes look like they’re stuck in an upside-down V shape. Some people think affected toes have a hammer shape, which is where hammertoes get their name.
Visit a podiatrist if you notice any changes in your feet or toes, especially if you’re experiencing symptoms like pain, stiffness or trouble walking. They’ll suggest treatments to manage your symptoms, fix the hammertoe and help your toes return to their usual shape.
Types of hammertoes
Podiatrists group hammertoes into three different types based on their severity:
- Flexible hammertoes: You can still bend and move your affected toes, but a noticeable curl or hammertoe is starting to form.
- Semi-rigid hammertoes: Your affected toes are noticeably stiff or hard to uncurl.
- Rigid hammertoes: The most advanced hammertoes are frozen in the curled position. You won’t be able to uncurl your toes at all. Rigid hammertoes are more likely to require surgery.
How common are hammertoes?
Hammertoes are common. Experts estimate that hammertoes are up to 20% of all foot and ankle issues.
